I agree that a counterbalance is a better solution for a typical Z axis, not only to reduce stress on the motor, but to eliminate backlash . . a benefit unique to the Z axis.
On the other hand, I disagree that a drive motor 'must' be deactivated prior to an axis being locked in all cases. I have been doing some research into this question and I find that there are many different applications and each has it's own set of variables to consider. I am wokring with a servo drive that already has a separate set of parameters that are automatically engaged whenever the motor is not moving, so manually disabling the motor *might* be superfluous (too early to tell just yet). I know of several stepper motor drives that automatically reduce power when the motor is not moving, so locking an axis in that situation would do nothing but prevent stress on the motors and potentially prevent lost steps in the case of an extreme force such as occurs during tool chatter while the motor is at reduced power.
Then there is the example of a rotary tool holder where it is evident that the motor is used only for positioning and a positive mechanical lock takes the cutting forces.
Axis locking is an interesting elephant, to be sure.